Ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) actuators and sensors related work

@article{SteinerJA_2024_JMR,

title = {Magnetically-actuated Endoluminal Soft Robot with Electroactive Polymer Actuation for Enhanced Gait Performance},

author = {J. A. Steiner and W. S. Nagel and K. K. Leang},

url = {http://www.kam.k.leang.com/academics/pubs/SteinerJA_2024_JMR.pdf},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4066130},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-08-22},

urldate = {2024-08-22},

journal = {ASME J. Mechanisms and Robotics (In press)},

volume = {16},

number = {10},

pages = {104503},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{NagelWS_2024_SMS,

title = {Engineered IPMC Sensors: Modeling, Characterization, and Application towards Wearable Postural-tactile Measurement},

author = {W. S. Nagel, O. Fakharian, M. Aureli, K. K. Leang},

doi = {10.1088/1361-665X/ad142b},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-12-22},

urldate = {2023-12-22},

journal = {Smart Materials and Structures},

volume = {33},

pages = {015035  (12 pages)},

abstract = {This paper focuses on the modeling and development of engineered ionic polymer-metal composite (eIPMC) sensors for applications such as postural and tactile measurement in mechatronics/robotics-assisted finger rehabilitation therapy. Specifically, to tailor the sensitivity of the device, eIPMCs, fabricated using a polymer-surface abrading technique, are utilized as the sensing element. An enhanced chemoelectromechanical model is developed that captures the effect of the abrading process on the multiphysics sensing behavior under different loading conditions. The fabricated sensors are characterized using scanning electron microscopy imaging and cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. Results show significant improvement in the electrochemical properties, including charge storage, double layer capacitance, and surface conductance, compared to the control samples. Finally, prototype postural-tactile finger sensors composed of different eIPMC variants are created and their performance validated under postural and tactile experiments. The tailored eIPMC sensors show increased open-circuit voltage response compared to control IPMCs, with 7.7- and 4.7-times larger peak-to-peak bending response under postural changes, as well as a 3.2-times more sensitive response under compression during tactile loading, demonstrating the feasibility of eIPMC sensors.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{HistedR_2021_SMS,

title = {Ionic Polymer Metal Composite Compression Sensors with 3D-Structured Interfaces},

author = {R. Histed, J. Ngo, O. Hussain, C. K. Lapins, O. Fakharian, K. K. Leang, Y. Liao, M. Aureli},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-11-01},

urldate = {2021-10-01},

journal = {Smart Materials and Structures},

volume = {30},

number = {12},

pages = {125027},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{CarricoJD_2017_IJSNM,

title = {A Comprehensive Review of Select Smart Polymeric and Gel Actuators for Soft Mechatronics Applications: Fundamentals, Free-form Fabrication, and Motion Control},

author = {J. D. Carrico, T. Tyler and K. K. Leang. },

url = {http://www.kam.k.leang.com/academics/pubs/CarricoJD_2018_IJSNM.pdf},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-02-07},

journal = {Invited article to the Special Issue on Active Materials and Soft Mechatronics, International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials},

volume = {8},

number = {4},

pages = {144-213},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{TanX_2017_IJIRA,

title = {Guest Editorial: Focused Section on Advances in Soft Robotics},

author = {X. Tan, K. K. Leang and Z. Yin},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-04-08},

journal = {International Journal of Intelligent Robotics and Applications},

volume = {1},

number = {2},

pages = {121 - 123},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{CarricoJD_2015b,

title = {Fused filament 3D printing of ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMCs)},

author = {James D. Carrico, Nick W. Traeden, Matteo Aureli and Kam K. Leang},

url = {http://www.kam.k.leang.com/academics/pubs/CarricoJD_2015b.pdf},

doi = {doi:10.1088/0964-1726/24/12/125021},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-11-08},

journal = {Smart Materials and Structures},

volume = {24},

pages = {125021 (11 pages)},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{TsugawaMA_2015,

title = {Slender tube-shaped and square rod-shaped IPMC actuators with integrated sensing for soft mechatronics},

author = {M. A. Tsugawa, V. Palmre, J. D. Carrico, K. J. Kim and K. K. Leang},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-06-16},

journal = {Meccanica},

volume = {50},

number = {11},

pages = {2781-2795},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{PalmreV_2014,

title = {Nanothorn electrodes for ionic polymer-metal composite artificial muscles},

author = { V. Palmre and D. Pugal and K. J. Kim and K. K. Leang and K. Asaka and A. Aabloo},

url = {http://www.kam.k.leang.com/academics/pubs/PalmreV_2014.pdf},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-09-17},

journal = {Scientific Reports},

volume = {4},

number = {6176},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{HubbardJJ_2013,

title = {Monolithic IPMC fins for propulsion and maneuvering in bio-inspired underwater robotics},

author = { J. J. Hubbard and M. Fleming and V. Palmre and D. Pugal and K. J. Kim and K. K. Leang},

url = {http://kam.k.leang.com/academics/pubs/HubbardJJ_2014.pdf},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-07-10},

journal = {IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering},

volume = {39},

number = {3},

pages = {540 - 551},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{PalmreV_2013,

title = {An IPMC-enabled bio-inspired bending/twisting fin for underwater applications},

author = { V. Palmre and M. Fleming and J. J. Hubbard and D. Pugal and S. Kim and K. J. Kim and K. K. Leang},

url = {http://www.kam.k.leang.com/academics/pubs/PalmreV_2013.pdf},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {Smart Mater. Struct.},

volume = {22},

pages = {014003},

abstract = {This paper discusses the design, fabrication, and characterization of an ionic polymer–metal composite (IPMC) actuator-based bio-inspired active fin capable of bending and twisting motion. It is pointed out that IPMC strip actuators are used in the simple cantilever configuration to create simple bending (flapping-like) motion for propulsion in underwater autonomous systems. However, the resulting motion is a simple 1D bending and performance is rather limited. To enable more complex deformation, such as the flapping (pitch and heaving) motion of real pectoral and caudal fish fins, a new approach which involves molding or integrating IPMC actuators into a soft boot material to create an active control surface (called a ‘fin’) is presented. The fin can be used to realize complex deformation depending on the orientation and placement of the actuators. In contrast to previously created IPMCs with patterned electrodes for the same purpose, the proposed design avoids (1) the

more expensive process of electroless plating platinum all throughout the surface of the actuator and (2) the need for specially patterning the electrodes. Therefore, standard shaped IPMC actuators such as those with rectangular dimensions with varying thicknesses can be used. One unique advantage of the proposed structural design is that custom shaped fins and control surfaces can be easily created without special materials processing. The molding process is cost effective and does not require functionalizing or ‘activating’ the boot material similar to creating IPMCs. For a prototype fin (90-mm wide x 60-mm long x 1.5-mm thick), the measured maximum tip displacement was approximately 44 mm and the twist angle of the fin exceeded 10. Lift and drag measurements in water where the prototype fin with an airfoil profile was dragged through water at a velocity of 21 cm/s showed that the lift and drag forces can be affected by controlling the IPMCs embedded into the fin structure.  These results suggest that such IPMC-enabled fin designs can be used for developing active propeller blades or control surfaces on underwater vehicles.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{FlemingMJ_2012c,

title = {Mitigating IPMC back relaxation through feedforward and feedback control of patterned electrodes},

author = { M. J. Fleming and K. J. Kim and K. K. Leang},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Smart Mater. Struct.},

volume = {21},

pages = {085002 (12 pages)},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{KimKJ_2012a,

title = {Introduction to the themed articles on ionic polymer-metal composites},

author = { K. J. Kim and K. K. Leang},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials},

volume = {3},

number = {3},

pages = {183 -- 187},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{KimKJ_2012h,

title = {Introduction to part 2 of the themed articles on ionic polymer-metal composites},

author = { K. J. Kim and K. K. Leang},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials},

volume = {3},

number = {4},

pages = {243},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{LeangKK_2012c,

title = {Integrated sensing for IPMC actuators using strain gages for underwater applications},

author = { K. K. Leang and Y. Shan and S. Song and K. J. Kim},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatronics},

volume = {17},

number = {2},

pages = {345 -- 355},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{KimKJ_2011b,

title = {A twistable ionic polymer-metal composite artificial muscle for marine applications},

author = { K. J. Kim and D. Pugal and K. K. Leang},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Marine Technology Society Journal},

volume = {45},

number = {4},

pages = {83 -- 98},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ShanY_2009b,

title = {Frequency-weighted feedforward control for dynamic compensation in ionic polymer-metal composite actuators},

author = { Y. Shan and K. K. Leang},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Smart Materials and Structures},

volume = {18},

number = {12},

pages = {125016 (11 pages)},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}